Class 9th Chapter 1 :- tissue
Class 9th
Chapter 1 :- tissue
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🌱 Tissues – Class 9 Science
🔍 What is a Tissue?
A tissue is a group of similar cells that work together to perform a specific function.
➡️ Think of it like a team – all members (cells) do similar work together for better efficiency.
🌿 Types of Tissues
Tissues are mainly divided into two broad types:
1. Plant Tissues
2. Animal Tissues
🌳 1. Plant Tissues
➤ A. Meristematic Tissue
These are actively dividing cells (like baby cells of a plant).
Types of Meristematic Tissue:
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Apical meristem – at the tips of roots and shoots (helps in length growth).
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Lateral meristem – at the sides (helps in thickness growth).
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Intercalary meristem – at nodes (found in grasses, helps in regrowth).
➤ B. Permanent Tissue
Cells here do not divide anymore, but perform specific functions.
i. Simple Permanent Tissue (made of similar cells)
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Parenchyma – stores food & water, has thin walls.
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Collenchyma – provides flexibility (like in leaf stalks).
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Sclerenchyma – provides hardness (like coconut shell).
ii. Complex Permanent Tissue (made of different types of cells)
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Xylem – carries water and minerals from roots to other parts.
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Phloem – carries food from leaves to other parts.
🐾 2. Animal Tissues
➤ A. Epithelial Tissue – covers body surfaces.
Types: Squamous, Cuboidal, Columnar, Ciliated, Glandular
➤ B. Connective Tissue – connects parts of the body.
Examples:
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Blood (fluid connective tissue)
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Bone
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Ligaments (bone to bone)
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Tendons (muscle to bone)
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Cartilage
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Areolar tissue
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Adipose tissue (fat storage)
➤ C. Muscular Tissue – helps in movement.
Types:
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Striated (voluntary, like in arms/legs)
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Smooth (involuntary, like intestines)
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Cardiac (heart only)
➤ D. Nervous Tissue – transmits messages.
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Made up of neurons (nerve cells).
📌 Summary:
| Category | Plant Tissues | Animal Tissues |
|---|---|---|
| Growth | Only in meristems | All over the body |
| Types | Meristematic, Permanent | Epithelial, Connective, Muscular, Nervous |